What is Infective Endocarditis and How Can I Prevent It?

Infective endocarditis (IE), also known as bacterial endocarditis, is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the heart. The infection is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling in the heart lining, a heart valve, or a blood vessel.

IE is a relatively rare condition, but certain individuals are at a greater risk of developing it. Those with pre-existing heart conditions, such as a heart valve disorder, a history of endocarditis, or a congenital heart defect, have a higher risk of developing IE. Additionally, individuals who have had certain medical procedures, such as a dental procedure or surgery, may also be at a higher risk for IE.

Symptoms of IE can include fever, chills, fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, and a new or changed heart murmur. If left untreated, IE can lead to serious complications such as heart valve damage, heart failure, and stroke.

Diagnosis of IE is typically based on a combination of clinical symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory tests such as blood cultures and echocardiography. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to eliminate the infection and surgery to repair or replace any damaged heart valves.

To reduce the risk of IE, individuals at a higher risk should take preventative measures such as taking antibiotics before certain medical procedures and practicing good oral hygiene. Additionally, individuals with heart conditions should work closely with their healthcare providers