Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection - Am I at Risk?

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is a rare condition in which a tear or separation occurs in the inner layers of the coronary artery, the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart. This tear can cause a blockage in the artery, leading to a heart attack. SCAD is more common in women, particularly those who are younger and have not yet gone through menopause.

Symptoms of SCAD are similar to those of a heart attack, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. However, SCAD can also present with atypical symptoms, such as pain in the back or jaw, or a feeling of impending doom.

The exact cause of SCAD is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of factors such as hormonal changes, genetic predisposition, and connective tissue disorders.

Treatment for SCAD involves stabilizing the patient and preventing further damage to the heart muscle by addressing the blockage in the coronary artery. One of the most common treatments is angioplasty, a procedure in which a balloon is used to open the blocked artery and a stent is placed to keep it open. In some cases, coronary artery bypass surgery may be necessary to bypass the blocked area.

After treatment, patients are usually prescribed medications such as aspirin, statins, and blood pressure-lowering medications to reduce the risk of future heart attacks. They also may be advised to make lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, and getting regular exercise.

It's important to note that SCAD is a rare condition and it's important to consult with a cardiologist if you suspect you have SCAD. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage to the heart and improve outcomes.